Jul 15, 2020 If your Mac is using an earlier version of any Mac operating system, you should install the latest Apple software updates, which can include important security updates and updates for the apps that are installed by macOS, such as Safari, Books, Messages, Mail, Music, Calendar, and Photos. With Service Pack 1 you are able to configure and remediate certain settings (preferences) in Mac OS X version 10.6 and version 10.7. What you need to do is the following, as a test I wanted to be sure that all of my Mac OS X devices will receive the same default homepage and it must be remediated when the setting is not compliant.
So, you’ve decided to download an older version of Mac OS X. There are many reasons that could point you to this radical decision. To begin with, some of your apps may not be working properly (or simply crash) on newer operating systems. Also, you may have noticed your Mac’s performance went down right after the last update. Finally, if you want to run a parallel copy of Mac OS X on a virtual machine, you too will need a working installation file of an older Mac OS X. Further down we’ll explain where to get one and what problems you may face down the road.
A list of all Mac OS X versions
We’ll be repeatedly referring to these Apple OS versions below, so it’s good to know the basic macOS timeline.
Cheetah 10.0
Puma 10.1
Jaguar 10.2
Panther 10.3
Tiger 10.4
Leopard 10.5
Snow Leopard 10.6
Lion 10.7
Mountain Lion 10.8
Mavericks 10.9
Yosemite 10.10
El Capitan 10.11
Sierra 10.12
High Sierra 10.13
Mojave 10.14
Catalina 10.15
STEP 1. Prepare your Mac for installation
Given your Mac isn’t new and is filled with data, you will probably need enough free space on your Mac. This includes not just space for the OS itself but also space for other applications and your user data. One more argument is that the free space on your disk translates into virtual memory so your apps have “fuel” to operate on. The chart below tells you how much free space is needed.
Note, that it is recommended that you install OS on a clean drive. Next, you will need enough disk space available, for example, to create Recovery Partition. Here are some ideas to free up space on your drive:
Uninstall large unused apps
Empty Trash Bin and Downloads
Locate the biggest files on your computer:
Go to Finder > All My Files > Arrange by size Then you can move your space hoggers onto an external drive or a cloud storage. If you aren’t comfortable with cleaning the Mac manually, there are some nice automatic “room cleaners”. Our favorite is CleanMyMac as it’s most simple to use of all. It deletes system junk, old broken apps, and the rest of hidden junk on your drive.
Download CleanMyMac for OS 10.4 - 10.8 (free version)
Download CleanMyMac for OS 10.9 (free version)
Download CleanMyMac for OS 10.10 - 10.14 (free version)
STEP 2. Get a copy of Mac OS X download
Normally, it is assumed that updating OS is a one-way road. That’s why going back to a past Apple OS version is problematic. The main challenge is to download the OS installation file itself, because your Mac may already be running a newer version. If you succeed in downloading the OS installation, your next step is to create a bootable USB or DVD and then reinstall the OS on your computer.
How to download older Mac OS X versions via the App Store
If you once had purchased an old version of Mac OS X from the App Store, open it and go to the Purchased tab. There you’ll find all the installers you can download. However, it doesn’t always work that way. The purchased section lists only those operating systems that you had downloaded in the past. But here is the path to check it:
Click the App Store icon.
Click Purchases in the top menu.
Scroll down to find the preferred OS X version.
Click Download.
This method allows you to download Mavericks and Yosemite by logging with your Apple ID — only if you previously downloaded them from the Mac App Store.
Without App Store: Download Mac OS version as Apple Developer
If you are signed with an Apple Developer account, you can get access to products that are no longer listed on the App Store. If you desperately need a lower OS X version build, consider creating a new Developer account among other options. The membership cost is $99/year and provides a bunch of perks unavailable to ordinary users.
Nevertheless, keep in mind that if you visit developer.apple.com/downloads, you can only find 10.3-10.6 OS X operating systems there. Newer versions are not available because starting Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.7, the App Store has become the only source of updating Apple OS versions.
Purchase an older version of Mac operating system
You can purchase a boxed or email version of past Mac OS X directly from Apple. Both will cost you around $20. For the reason of being rather antiquated, Snow Leopard and earlier Apple versions can only be installed from DVD.
Buy a boxed edition of Snow Leopard 10.6 Get an email copy of Lion 10.7 Get an email copy of Mountain Lion 10.8
The email edition comes with a special download code you can use for the Mac App Store. Note, that to install the Lion or Mountain Lion, your Mac needs to be running Snow Leopard so you can install the newer OS on top of it.
How to get macOS El Capitan download
If you are wondering if you can run El Capitan on an older Mac, rejoice as it’s possible too. But before your Mac can run El Capitan it has to be updated to OS X 10.6.8. So, here are main steps you should take:
1. Install Snow Leopard from install DVD. 2. Update to 10.6.8 using Software Update. 3. Download El Capitan here.
“I can’t download an old version of Mac OS X”
If you have a newer Mac, there is no physical option to install Mac OS versions older than your current Mac model. For instance, if your MacBook was released in 2014, don’t expect it to run any OS released prior of that time, because older Apple OS versions simply do not include hardware drivers for your Mac.
But as it often happens, workarounds are possible. There is still a chance to download the installation file if you have an access to a Mac (or virtual machine) running that operating system. For example, to get an installer for Lion, you may ask a friend who has Lion-operated Mac or, once again, set up a virtual machine running Lion. Then you will need to prepare an external drive to download the installation file using OS X Utilities.
After you’ve completed the download, the installer should launch automatically, but you can click Cancel and copy the file you need. Below is the detailed instruction how to do it.
STEP 3. Install older OS X onto an external drive
The following method allows you to download Mac OS X Lion, Mountain Lion, and Mavericks.
Start your Mac holding down Command + R.
Prepare a clean external drive (at least 10 GB of storage).
Within OS X Utilities, choose Reinstall OS X.
Select external drive as a source.
Enter your Apple ID.
Now the OS should start downloading automatically onto the external drive. After the download is complete, your Mac will prompt you to do a restart, but at this point, you should completely shut it down. Now that the installation file is “captured” onto your external drive, you can reinstall the OS, this time running the file on your Mac.
Boot your Mac from your standard drive.
Connect the external drive.
Go to external drive > OS X Install Data.
Locate InstallESD.dmg disk image file — this is the file you need to reinstall Lion OS X. The same steps are valid for Mountain Lion and Mavericks.
How to downgrade a Mac running later macOS versions
If your Mac runs macOS Sierra 10.12 or macOS High Sierra 10.13, it is possible to revert it to the previous system if you are not satisfied with the experience. You can do it either with Time Machine or by creating a bootable USB or external drive. Instruction to downgrade from macOS Sierra
Before you do it, the best advice is to back your Mac up so your most important files stay intact. In addition to that, it makes sense to clean up your Mac from old system junk files and application leftovers. The easiest way to do it is to run CleanMyMac X on your machine (download it for free here).
Visit your local Apple Store to download older OS X version
Mac Os 2012 Software
If none of the options to get older OS X worked, pay a visit to nearest local Apple Store. They should have image installations going back to OS Leopard and earlier. You can also ask their assistance to create a bootable USB drive with the installation file. So here you are. We hope this article has helped you to download an old version of Mac OS X. Below are a few more links you may find interesting.
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Window server is actually the server which is operated, installed and managed by Window Server Family. It is based on Windows NT architecture. Windows Servers are efficient in providing many services like messaging, security, hosting a website, manage resources between application and user. There are many servers released by Windows.
Windows Server 2012 was released on August 1, 2012, but for the customers, it is available from September 4, 2012. This is the fifth release by the Window Server. Its kernel type is hybrid.
Download: Windows Server 2012 R2 ISO Image
License / Product Key Free Trial
File Size 3.4GB
Language English
Developer Microsoft Inc.
It doesn’t support Itanium based computer. It has come with four editions: Foundation, Essentials, Standard and Datacenter,
in which the most expensive is the Datacenter. It added a graphical user interface based which is based on Metro Design Language.
Features of Windows Server 2012
Cached
We can create a clone of the virtual machine between cluster and storage system. This feature is called Hyper-v replicas.
It can be created with the cloud system and also maintain the classic feature of a local data center.
The task manager is updated and comes with a yellow and dark shade. The application is displayed and tabs are hidden by default. It can display data for each non-uniform memory access node. It comes with more than 64 logical processors that display data for each logical processor.
It comes with the IP address management which, monitoring, auditing and managing the IP address of the computer network. This feature is used for monitoring the Domain Name System and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server. IPv4 and IPv6 is fully supported
Active directory has been removed and new server manager and a GUI are added to the Active Directory Recycle Bin.
No longer Active Directory Federation Service is required during installation. We can set multiple passwords in the same domain.
The new version of Hyper-V is introduced. Many new features are added like network virtualization, multitenancy, storage resource pools, cross-premises connectivity, and cloud backup. It can access up to 64 virtual processors, up to 1 terabyte of memory. RemoteFX is required for Hyper-V. We can active up to 1024 virtual machine per host and also we can act up to 8000 failover cluster.
A new feature called Resilient File System(REFS) is also included in this Window Server 2012, which can improve NTFS in some respect. Some new feature of Resilient File System is also available like
REFS support many NTFS features like BitLocker encryption, USN journal, symbolic links, junction points, reparse point, volume snapshot, file IDs, oplock and access control list. It data mirroring and stripping and also sharing storage pools between machine. It also checks that the mirror copy file is corrupt or not using background data scrubbing process and replace bad copies with good ones. Some of the NTFS is not supported like file-level encryption, user data transactions, hard links, extended attributes, object IDs, short names. Booting from ReFS is supported.
ReFS support maximum file size of 16 exabyte
New APIs is not required.
This server comes with the latest version of internet information services 8.0 (IIS 8.0). This service comes with some new features like support for NUMA, centralized management of SSL certificate, SNI and web socket support.
Minimum System Requirements for Windows Server 2012
For Windows Server 2012, there are some system requirements which are required
1.4 GHz processor is required but 2GHz is recommended for a better experience.
It requires at least 512 MB of RAM but 2GB of RAM gives us a far better experience.
It requires 32 GB of free space in the hard drive but again for better experience 40GB is recommended.
Edition
It comes with four editions Foundation, Essential, Standard, Datacenter. All of these are different in some aspects like
Distribution: Foundation – OEM only, Essential comes with retail, volume licensing and OEM, Standard comes with retail, volume licensing, OEM, and Datacenter comes only with volume licensing.
Licensing model: Foundation offer per server, Essential also offer per server but Standard and Datacenter offer per CPU pair + CAL.
Processor chip limit: Foundation gives only 1 and Essential provide 2 but Standard and Datacenter provide 64 processor chip.
Memory limit: Foundation comes with 32GB of limit, Essential comes with 64GB of limit and Standard and Datacenter comes with 4TB of limit.
Window Server Update Service: Foundation and Essential have no update service but in Standard and Datacenter comes with update service.
Hyper-V: No Hyper-V facility is available, in Essential R2 onwards and in Standard and Datacenter Hyper-V facility is available.
Virtualization rights: No rights are available for Foundation, in Essential, either 1 Virtual Machine or 1 physical server but not both, in Standard 2 virtual machine is allowed and in Datacenter unlimited virtual machine is allowed.
Window Server 2012 R2 Edition
It is the sixth version of Windows Server. It is released to manufacturing on August 27, 2013, 5 years ago. It is generally available from October 18, 2013. Its latest release is 6.3 (Build 9600) on October 17, 2013. It is preceded by Window Server 2012 and succeeded by Window Server 2016.
Features of Windows Server 2012 R2
It has a faster VM deployment.
It has come with integrated Office 365.
It has come with UEFI based virtual machine.
The latest version of Internet Information Service 8.5 is available.
Window Defender is available.
Reduction of storage space for VHD files.
Upgrade of the user interfaces with the visible start button.
Updated service is also available.
Driver emulator is updated to synthetic hardware driver to reduce legacy support.
Transport layer security improves the performance of long-running TLS secure connection.
Updated Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is provided which describes new deployment. It reduces the burden of administration and difficulty of configuring a host on a TCP or IP based network.
System requirements for Windows Server 2012 R2
The basic requirements for Windows Server 2012 R2
Processor: 1.4 GHz is the minimum requirement but 2GHz is recommended for a better experience.
Memory: 512MB RAM is sufficient but 2GB RAM is recommended to work smoothly.
Disc space: 32 is the minimum requirement but for better experience, 40GB or more is recommended.
Optical drive: DVD-ROM drive.
How to download and install Windows Server 2012 :
The ISO file is available at the official website of Microsoft, download it and burn it into some DVD.
Installation process
Insert the Window Server 2012 DVD, and press Enter to boot from the setup after getting this instruction ‘ Press any key to boot from CD or DVD…’
It takes a bit of time to load all the necessary file.
Then after choosing the language according to convenience.
After clicking next, press the install button.
Select the Window Server 2012 Datacenter Evaluation. Then click next.
Accept all the license terms and conditions.
Then after deciding your partition and press the next button. This will take some time.
Once all the step is done, it will restart the Window Server.
Step up the administrator password.
For windows server 2012 R2 :
To download the ISO file go to the official website of Window.
Installation process
Insert the DVD with Window Server 2012 R2 and boot the PC.
It takes a bit of time to load all the necessary files.
Then after press the install button to start the installation process.
Accept the license agreement and then continue the process.
Choose the language according to convincing.
Once all the step should be done then after restarting the computer.
Windows Server 2012 ISO Download 64 bit full version
Window server is actually the server which is operated, installed and managed by Window Server Family. It is based on Windows NT architecture. Windows Servers are efficient in providing many services like messaging, security, hosting a website, manage resources between application and user. There are many servers released by Windows.